Ivermectin Injection vs. Oral Ivermectin: What Are the Differences?

1. Formulation

Ivermectin injection is typically available in a liquid solution form, packaged in vials or ampoules. The solution contains a specific concentration of active ingredients, primarily composed of ivermectin itself.

Oral Ivermectin is available in two primary formulations: tablets and liquid. What’s more, these solid and compacted tablet forms can come in various shapes, sizes, and colors depending on the manufacturer.

 

2. Medication Concentration

The concentration may vary depending on the intended use and target species.

The injection formulation typically contains higher concentrations of the ivermectin active ingredient compared to oral forms. This offers precise control over medication delivery and ensures rapid delivery into the bloodstream, facilitating its effectiveness in combating parasitic infestations or infections.

The tablet form often comes in different strengths, typically ranging from 3mg to 12mg, while the liquid form is often measured in milliliters (ml).

 

3. Administration

The injectable formulation is typically administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly via sterile injection. This method allows for rapid absorption and action in the body.

The tablets are designed to be taken orally and are easily ingested with water or other liquids, which will dissolve once consumed. While liquids can be administered using a dropper or syringe.

 

4. Onset of Action

Ivermectin injection usually leads to a faster onset of action because it bypasses the digestive system and is absorbed directly into the bloodstream.

In contrast, oral Ivermectin takes a bit longer to take effect as it needs to pass through the digestive system before being absorbed into the bloodstream.

It is worth noting that oral administration allows for slower release over time with a longer duration of action compared to injections.

 

5. Dosage and Frequency

Due to its higher concentration and quick action, Ivermectin injection is generally less used than oral form. But in actual practice, the dosage may vary based on the condition being treated and the species of the animal. It may be administered as a single dose or repeated based on veterinary guidance.

On the other hand, oral Ivermectin may require larger doses due to potentially reduced absorption rates in some species when compared to injections.

 

6. Indications and Usage

Ivermectin injection is typically used when rapid action is needed or when oral administration is difficult (e.g., in non-compliant animals).

Oral ivermectin is commonly used for routine prevention and treatment of parasites, such as heartworm prevention in dogs and cats, and for treating mild to moderate infections.

 

7. Side Effects and Reactions

Both forms can have side effects, but the side effects may differ based on the route of administration.

Oral ivermectin can cause gastrointestinal issues, while injectable forms may lead to localized reactions at the injection site.

Types	Description
Ivermectin Injection	May carry a risk of injection-site reactions, such as swelling or pain at the injection site. The systemic effects might be more pronounced due to direct entry into circulation.
Oral Ivermectin	generally well-tolerated, but gastrointestinal upset (e.g., vomiting, diarrhea) can occur in some cases

 

8. Application Scope

Ivermectin Injection: Certain injectable formulations are specifically designed for use in livestock or large animals, while others may be tailored for pets.

Oral Ivermectin: Oral ivermectin is often formulated for both large and small animals, but care must be taken with dosing, especially in sensitive breeds (e.g., Collies).

 

9. Bioavailability

The injectable form generally has higher bioavailability since it bypasses the first-pass metabolism in the liver, leading to more of the drug being available in the bloodstream.

Oral ivermectin has lower bioavailability due to the first-pass effect, meaning some of the drug is metabolized before it can exert its effects.

 

10. Cost

Considering cost factors is crucial when choosing between Ivermectin injection or its oral counterpart.

While prices can vary significantly depending on many different factors, generally speaking, injectable formulations tend to be more expensive than their oral counterparts due to additional manufacturing processes involved in creating sterile solutions suitable for injections.

 

Conclusion

Both ivermectin injection and oral ivermectin are effective for treating parasitic infections, but they differ in many aspects including formulation, administration, onset of action, dosage, bioavailability, cost, etc.

The choice between the two often depends on the clinical situation, the animal’s condition, specific therapeutic needs, and veterinary recommendations. Always remember to consult a healthcare provider or veterinarian for guidance on the appropriate formulation for a particular condition.